Development and long-term operation of aerobic granular system for simultaneous removal of COD, nitrogen, and phosphorous in a conical SBR

This study evaluates the performance of a simple sequencing batch reactor (SBR) with conical geometric configuration in terms aerobic granulation and simultaneous removal COD, nitrogen, phosphorous from synthetic wastewater. The was operated for 328 days 3 different phases. Stable granules measuring around 0.9±0.3 mm good settling properties were formed phase III operation. Optimum removals COD (90%), NH4+-N (91%), total nitrogen (87%), PO43--P (83%) achieved III, while influent concentrations (640±32 mg/L), (53±2.5 (9±0.6 mg/L). Mixed liquor suspended solids increased 0.26 g/L to 2.3 sludge volume index (SVI30) decreased 380 mL/g 65 during start-up end study, respectively. geometry induces an effective velocity gradient along aeration better flocculation biomass which has impact on formation stable resistant granules. system SBR is advantageous as it attains nutrient (CNP) retention without automatic process control. treatment potential employ low wastewater many decentralized applications.